{"id":2360,"date":"2024-02-06T08:59:31","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T07:59:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/miningwithnature.panang.dev\/glossary-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-05T15:56:17","modified_gmt":"2024-04-05T13:56:17","slug":"glossary-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/miningwithnature.se\/en\/glossary-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"custom-block\"\n     x-cloak\n     x-data='searchableList([{\"title\":\"Agenda 2030\",\"content\":\"The UN:s framework for the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set out to improve the world (see Sustainable Development Goals).\"},{\"title\":\"Biocapacity\",\"content\":\"A measure of the Earth\\u0027s or a smaller area\\u0027s ability to produce and regenerate the resources that humans demand from those areas.\"},{\"title\":\"Biodiversity\",\"content\":\"The variability among living organisms from all sources including, among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.\"},{\"title\":\"Biodiversity Net Gain\",\"content\":\"Biodiversity Net Gain, BNG, means that a project or operation\\u0027s negative impact on biodiversity is marginally offset, as in the case of No Net Loss, so that increased biodiversity values are achieved.\"},{\"title\":\"Biotope\",\"content\":\"A defined area with specific characteristics that allow certain species to thrive in that landscape. An example of a biotope is a coniferous forest or a coral reef.\"},{\"title\":\"Business@Biodiversity Sweden\",\"content\":\"Business@Biodiversity Sweden, B@B, is a network of companies that want to meet others in the business community and exchange knowledge, ideas and to get help each other with monitoring the biodiversity world.\"},{\"title\":\"Climate adaptation\",\"content\":\"Measures that focus on adapting society to the effects of climate change, such as floods caused by extreme precipitation, heat waves and sea level rise.\"},{\"title\":\"Climate change\",\"content\":\"Changes in the Earth\\u0027s climate system, either natural or man-made (anthropogenic).\\u00a0Anthropogenic climate change is mainly due to an enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human emissions of carbon and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Examples of climate change include an increase in the temperature of the Earth\\u0027s atmosphere and changes in precipitation patterns. The term global warming should not be used as a synonym for climate change, as global warming is only part of the overall picture of climate change.\"},{\"title\":\"Climate mitigation\",\"content\":\"Measures for reduced climate impact, that focuses on reducing the human contribution to the greenhouse effect in the Earth\\u0027s atmosphere. Is done by reducing emissions of carbon in various chemical compounds and other greenhouse gases.\"},{\"title\":\"Conference of the Parties\",\"content\":\"The Conference of the Parties (COP) refers to conferences under the UN:s three environmental conventions, which concern climate (UNFCCC), biodiversity (UNCBD), and desertification (UNCCD). The subsidiary bodies of the different conventions meet annually, and the COP meetings are held annually or every second year.\"},{\"title\":\"Convention on Biological Diversity\",\"content\":\"\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022pt-0.5\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-6 w-6 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full juice:h-8 juice:w-8\\u0022\\u003E\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022group\\\/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+\\u0026amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\\u0022 dir=\\u0022auto\\u0022 data-message-author-role=\\u0022assistant\\u0022 data-message-id=\\u0022372de079-3053-4151-b042-999e8a4a01a5\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003Cdiv class=\\u0022markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert light\\u0022\\u003E\\r\\n\\r\\nThe Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is one of the UN:s three environmental conventions. It works to halt the loss of biodiversity, with the goal of stopping the ongoing mass extinction, and to increase global sustainability. A new framework was presented at the Conference of the Parties, COP15, in Kunming in 2022. The goals set included reversing biodiversity loss by 2030, partly by protecting 30 percent of the Earth:s surface, both marine and terrestrial, by 2030. By 2050, the goal is to achieve a world living in harmony with nature.\\r\\n\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\\r\\n\\u003C\\\/div\\u003E\"},{\"title\":\"Ecogain Biodiversity Index\",\"content\":\"EBI is a report released annually on Biodiversity Day (June 22) where Ecogain measures how companies in Sweden, the Nordics and the Baltics report on biodiversity in their sustainability reports.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecological footprint\",\"content\":\"Like biocapacity, a measure of the amount of resources required to support a person\\u0027s consumption. A measure used to calculate climate emissions is how much carbon dioxide a person or event causes. To live in a sustainable world, each person must use resources equivalent to 1.7 hectares - a Swede currently uses an average of about 6.7 hectares per person.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecological offsetting\\\/compensation\",\"content\":\"Means that those who damage nature values that constitute public interests, such as species, habitats, ecosystem functions and public amenities, add new conservation values or safeguard existing values that would otherwise be at risk of being lost. Compensation measures may include, for example, conservation management, restoration of natural habitats, creation of new habitats, or long-term protection of conservation areas.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecological resilience\",\"content\":\"The ability of an ecosystem to withstand problems such as diseases, natural disasters, pollution or human impacts. Higher biological diversity generally means higher resilience.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecological restoration\",\"content\":\"Rebuilding nature after it has been affected by human activities.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecosystem\",\"content\":\"An ecosystem is a specific area in nature considered a ecological system. It includes all living organisms in the area and the environment in which they live. It can, for example, be a coral reef or a forest and it can be a small or large in area.\"},{\"title\":\"Ecosystem services\",\"content\":\"Ecosystem services are all the benefits that humans receive from nature. Ecosystem services can be divided into different categories. In recent years, it has become a popular concept for communicating the way biodiversity loss and other damage to nature have a negative impact on humans and our societies. Through standard import values you can get an economical value for a specific ecosystem service. Good examples of ecosystem services are pollination, the temperature-reducing effect of green spaces and water purification through infiltration.\"},{\"title\":\"Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance\",\"content\":\"Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance, ESG, is a term is widely used in business to break down and explain what an organisation\\u0027s sustainability work might look like.\"},{\"title\":\"EU Taxonomy\",\"content\":\"A classification system to assess whether an economic activity is environmentally sustainable or not. Parts of the taxonomy concern biodiversity. All companies with more than 500 employees are required to report according to the taxonomy. The taxonomy is, among other things, a tool to help financial actors assess the sustainability of different investment objects. It therefore has great potential to steer financial flows in a more sustainable direction. Being classified as sustainable according to the taxonomy will be a comparative advantage for companies seeking to attract external capital.\"},{\"title\":\"Fossil-free energy\",\"content\":\"Energy that comes from sources that are not directly fossil fuels such as oil, coal or gas. For example nuclear power and renewable energy such as sun-, wind- and water-power.\"},{\"title\":\"Habitat\",\"content\":\"An area or environment where a particular species can be found. It is therefore not a requirement for certain species to be present, but merely a prerequisite for the species to thrive there. Many different species and territories can be found within a habitat.\"},{\"title\":\"Habitat banking\",\"content\":\"A market-based system where landowners and other operators have the opportunity to restore ecological habitats in order to build up and sell offset credits to developers, who need to compensate for their impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services.\"},{\"title\":\"Insetting\",\"content\":\"A method of evaluating and improving one\\u0027s own activities in the value chain rather than compensating for your activities elsewhere.\"},{\"title\":\"IPBES\",\"content\":\"Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services is a UN panel that compiles scientific knowledge about the state of biodiversity and nature\\u0027s contributions to people. The IPCC is the counterpart for climate issues.\"},{\"title\":\"IPCC\",\"content\":\"The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, is the UN climate panel that compiles the latest climate research from around the world.\"},{\"title\":\"Key biotope\",\"content\":\"Key biotope (Swe: nyckelbiotop) is a term mostly used by the Swedish Forest Agency\\u00a0 to classify forest areas that are considered especially important for the forest\\u0027s flora and fauna. However, a key biotope has no legal protection and can therefore still be felled.\"},{\"title\":\"Key species\",\"content\":\"A species that is crucial for the survival of other species in a particular area or ecosystem. If a keystone species disappears, it can cause negative consequences for many other species and even the entire ecosystem. Examples of keystone species in Swedish nature include the beaver, various woodpeckers, and large predators such as the wolf and lynx.\"},{\"title\":\"Mitigation Hierarchy\",\"content\":\"The mitigation hierarchy is way to work with biodiversity based on four steps: avoid, minimise, restore, and finally offset for impacts or damage to nature. Damage to nature should first and foremost be completely avoided, and secondly minimised. The next step is to restore the damage. Only as a last resort should damage be compensated. See examples of how various mining companies work according to the different steps of the mitigation hierarchy under the Good Examples tab.\"},{\"title\":\"National park\",\"content\":\"A state-protected area for the preservation of nature and culture. A national park is the strongest protection for a natural area in Sweden, and the aim is to preserve various types of environments that are typical for the country, as part of preserving our natural and cultural heritage. There are currently 30 national parks in Sweden.\"},{\"title\":\"Natura 2000\",\"content\":\"Natura 2000 is a form of nature protection associated with the EU:s Habitats Directive, which is used to achieve the goals of the UN:s Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Each EU member state has designated areas that are considered particularly valuable from a European perspective, which together form an ecological network of habitats.\"},{\"title\":\"Natural Capital\",\"content\":\"Natures collective assets of resources: animals, plants, air, water, soil and minerals. The ecosystem services resulting from natural capital form the basis of all human economic activity including food, water and energy.\"},{\"title\":\"Nature Positive\",\"content\":\"Nature positive is a concept that was launched in April 2021 by a number of international organisations. It was introduced as a response to the question of what a global goal for nature might look like in the Convention on Biological Diversity\\u0027s (CBD) Post-2020 Framework.\"},{\"title\":\"Nature reserve\",\"content\":\"A private or public area that is protected in order to keep nature as intact as possible and to protect biological diversity, nature environments and outdoor recreation. There are around 5000 nature reserves in Sweden.\"},{\"title\":\"Nature value\",\"content\":\"The degree of richness of species found in an area, i.e. the degree of biodiversity.\"},{\"title\":\"No Net Loss\",\"content\":\"No Net Loss, NNL, means that a project or operation\\u0027s negative impact on biodiversity is offset by active measures such as ecological compensation or various forms of nature conservation in the same region. These measures are aimed at, among other things, improving habitats and green infrastructure. The measures should be quantifiable and are based on the conditions for biodiversity both before and after the measures are carried out.\"},{\"title\":\"Offsetting\",\"content\":\"An activity intended to compensate for a production\\u0027s impact, outside of the area where the good or service is produced.\"},{\"title\":\"Planetary boundaries\",\"content\":\"A concept developed by the Stockholm Resilience Centre under the leadership of Johan Rockstr\\u00f6m. Nine different environmental areas have been identified for our planet Earth, such as biodiversity loss, carbon dioxide emissions, and ocean acidification. The limits of what Earth can handle have been quantified for these different areas. Threshold values, also called tipping points, are the limit values beyond which serious consequences for human welfare appear.\"},{\"title\":\"Red List\",\"content\":\"An assessment of a species\\u0027 risk of extinction and can be seen as a measure of the status of species in Sweden. The term red-listed species means that a species on the red list is categorized in one of the following classes: near threatened, vulnerable, highly threatened and acutely threatened or nationally extinct.\"},{\"title\":\"Renewable energy\",\"content\":\"Energy that comes from renewable sources, i.e. where the energy is not depleted (in the next few billion years). Solar, wind and water are examples of renewable energy sources.\"},{\"title\":\"Science Based Targets for Nature\",\"content\":\"Science Based Targets for Climate has become the highest standard for work on climate change. SBTN will have the same function for biodiversity.\"},{\"title\":\"Science Based Targets Initiative\",\"content\":\"SBTI is a framework for companies to set sustainability targets that are in line with what science requires to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement. Founded by UN Global Compact and WWF, among others.\"},{\"title\":\"Species Protection Ordinance\",\"content\":\"A piece of legislation that provides for the protection of a number of species and all wild birds, and the protection of their habitats. The Species Protection Ordinance transposes the EU\\u0027s Species and Habitats Directives and Birds Directives into Swedish law.\"},{\"title\":\"Sustainable Development Goals\",\"content\":\"The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) consist of the 17 sustainability goals decided upon by the UN to improve the world. They are also known as the UN:s sustainability goals. Goal 15 specifically addresses biodiversity on land: \\u0022Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.\\u0022\"},{\"title\":\"Sweden\\u0027s Environmental Objectives\",\"content\":\"Consists of a generational goal and 16 sub-goals to help Sweden achieve its environmental ambitions. 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